UTB Library OPAC Search for 'copydate:"2025 ." and su-to:Dissertation, Academic'

Intergrating active and passive sensors with sleep-wake mechanism for hot in peatland preservation /

By Muhammad Daniel bin Haji Abdullah. Bandar Seri Begawan : Universiti Teknologi Brunei, 2025 . ix, 155 pages : , A thesis submitted to Universiti Teknologi Brunei for the partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Computer Network and Security 30 cm..

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Integrated IoT river monitoring network for real-time flood detection and water quality assessment in multi-station deployment /

By Siti Rasyidah binti Haji Ismail. Bandar Seri Begawan : Universiti Teknologi Brunei, 2025 . xiv, 155 pages : , Submitted for the partial fulfillment of the requirement for the degree of Master of Science in Computer Network and Security. | ABSTRACT Integrating mobile communication networks, with Internet of Things (loT) devices can provide a viable solution for early flood detection and mitigation strategies in flood-prone areas. This research examines how loT sensors have been deployed in flood-prone locations, areas near riversides, and roads that are susceptible to being affected by flood in Brunei Darussalam. By utilizing communication networks, loT devices can continuously monitor water levels in real-time enabling early detection of potential floods. This initiative incorporates a multidimensional approach, encompassing real-time monitoring of water quality, weather conditions, and water flow dynamics where experts assert that flooding have a significant impact on the water quality of water resources in rivers. The first monitoring region is along the riverbanks, where loT sensors provide alerts about flood events and changes in water quality allowing for mitigation efforts. The second monitoring covers road areas, where loT sensors detect and monitor the fluctuations in water level as a subsequent alert for prompt evacuation. Through an analysis of the deployment process, data collection methods, and operational effectiveness, this study showcases the effectiveness of flood monitoring systems powered by solar, ensuring energy efficiency and sustainability to improve community resilience and minimize the negative impacts of floods. These findings emphasize the significance of harnessing mobile communication networks to successfully implement solutions in flood areas providing valuable insights, for policymakers, urban planners and disaster management authorities striving to develop more resilient communities amidst climate change challenges. Keywords - Climate Change; Water Quality; Flood; Internet of Things (loT); Solar Power; Real-Time Monitoring. 30 cm..

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Development of reduced-fat halal chicken sausages using emulsion gels containing whey protein isolate and guar gum /

By Nur Hamizah Haji Abd Hamid, Hajah. Bandar Seri Begawan : Universiti Teknologi Brunei , 2025 . xix, 312 pages : , Submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the Doctor of Philosophy | ABSTRACT The study was conducted to evaluate the effect of whey protein isolate (WPI) and guar gum (GG) in emulsion gels on chemical, physical, antioxidant activity, and technological and sensory evaluation of chicken sausages. Nine different formulations of oil-in-water emulsion gels with three levels of inclusions (2%, 5%, 10 %) of fat substitute were prepared, analysed and compared with the control (CON - 100% chicken breasts) sample (without any fats). Three of the formulations are made up of PI only and six of the formulations are WPI and GG combinations, E treatments having 50% WPI and 50 % GG and GM treatments having 70% WPI and 30% GG. The physical properties of the chicken sausages studied were shown to be the most important for understanding sensory properties. The modified chicken sausages had high moisture, fat and ash content (p < 0.05) but low protein content (p < 0.05) compared to the control sausage. The protein, fat, ash, and carbohydrate contents for the formulated chicken sausages were significantly (p < 0.05) different, in the range from 15.58% to 20.71%, 11.59% to 16.83%, 4.88% to 6.61% and 27.86% to 34.77% respectively. The formulated sausages exhibited elevated average cooking losses of 13.26% (p < 0.05). Treatment E10 (50% WPI, 50% GG with 10% fats) had the highest cooking yield out of all treatments. Furthermore, the increase of WPI and GG mixture in the formulation was observed to improve the cooking yield (p <0.05) and showed to decrease the total expressible fluid (TEF%) significantly (p <0.05). The incorporation of WPI and GG, both alone and combined significantly increased (p < 0.05) moisture retention values of chicken sausages. The moisture retention of the sausages incorporated with WPI and GG ranged from 27.86% to 34.77%. Additionally, the results found that the addition of WPI and GG increased the percentage water-holding capacity (%WHC) but the values were lower than the control chicken sausages. Our results demonstrated that the pH values of the chicken sausages exhibited a significant upward trend (p < 0.05) during refrigeration and frozen storage. Water activity (Aw) decreased (p <0.05) during the 60-day storage period. Desirable ideal conditions for the treated sausages lie within freezer storage, with GM5 (70% WPI, 30% GG with 5% fats) having the lowest value of 0.33 Aw. Moreover, the sausage has higher total phenolic contents and high antioxidant capacities in DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) Free Scavenging Method), which contributes to reducing lipid oxidations in sausages during storage. Although peroxide values remained below the acceptable threshold for oily food, the TBARS (Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substance (TBARS) Assay) value exceeded the permissible limit for lipid oxidation for both refrigerated and frozen storage, indicating that the products developed off-odour and flavour for both storage conditions. Additionally, the total viable count was not significantly affected (p > 0.05) by the addition of WPI and GG under freezer conditions. Consequently, it can be inferred that the cooked chicken sausages can be safely stored under frozen conditions for an extended period of 120 days. Similarly, the yeast and mould count increased (p > 0.05) in refrigerated storage and frozen storage. The modified chicken sausages had no apparent impact on the yeast and mould count for up to 60 days in frozen condition. The inclusion of WPI and GG changed the antioxidant activity of the chicken sausages differently. E treatments with greater GG concentration had higher total phenolic content than GM (70% WPI, 30% GG) treatments. In this study, a decreasing trend of total flavonoid content was demonstrated as the concentration of WPI alone and WPI/GG combinations increased, along with during the storage (p > 0.05). GM2 (70% WPI, 30% GG with 2% fats) recorded the highest percentage inhibition of DPPH in the whole treatment (68.64% on day 1, 60.45% on day 15 and 45.48% on day 60). Furthermore, E2 (50% WPI, 50% GG with 2% fats) exhibited the highest lethality value towards brine shrimp with LC50 (Lethal Concentration 50) of 1696 ug/mL, but it can be inferred that there are no active compounds that were found to be hazardous or induce the mortality of the brine shrimps. Textural properties decreased significantly (P < 0.05) throughout both storage conditions. The concentration of PI increased the firmness of the chicken sausages (p < 0.05). The addition of GG in WPI resulted in products with lower firmness, less elasticity, less cohesive and less gummy compared to other samples in refrigerated storage. Sensory evaluation showed that the panelists regarded the CON samples as being acceptable overall. Despite having the lowest texture scores, the panelists showed no significant preference, indicating that the addition of chicken sausage and the reduction of fat did not compromise the overall acceptability of chicken sausages. Overall, the chicken sausages treated had acceptable sensory scores independently of the added Overall, this study added to the scientific understanding of the inclusion and usefulness of WPI and GG as fat replacers in chicken sausage product developments. The combination of both WPI and GG has significant benefits in terms of WHC, CL (cooking loss), cooking yield and moisture retention. Further enhancement could be achieved through proper, better and optimized packaging strategies. Keywords: whey protein isolate, guar gum, sensory perception, antioxidants, chicken sausages, textural changes, cytotoxicity, emulsion gel 30 cm..

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Climate change impact on irrigation water requirement and crop yield for paddy in Brunei Darussalam /

By Nor Hamizah binti Haji Mohd Rhymee. Bandar Seri Begawan : Universiti Teknologi Brunei, 2025 . 154 pages : , Thesis submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy. | ABSTRACT Climate change poses unprecedented challenges to agricultural systems, particularly for small nations reliant on rice imports like Brunei Darussalam. With the vast majority of rice consumed being imported and climate change expected to significantly alter rainfall patterns and increase temperatures across Brunei, developing climate-resilient rice production strategies has become critically urgent. This study provides the first integrated assessment of climate change impacts on rice yields and irrigation water requirement (IR) in Brunei by combining statistical downscaling of Coupled Model Intercomparison Project 6 (CMIP6) scenarios, normalised vegetation difference index (NDVI)-based machine learning yield forecasting, and Water Evaluation And Planning (WEAP) software; a novel methodological framework for tropical rice systems. Future climate scenarios were assessed using statistical downscaling (SD) of multi-model ensemble (MME) techniques to simulate precipitation, minimum and maximum temperatures under different Shared Socioeconomic Pathways (SSPs) outlined by the CMIP6. The downscaled climate models were then used to forecast peak NDVI using linear regression and random forest (RF) regression, with RF showing better performance. The developed peak-NDVI models predicted paddy yield for both main and off seasons for three future periods within 2020-2100. Key findings reveal distinct seasonal and temporal patterns: the main season's NDVI showed consistent trends across SSPs, with paddy yields declining slightly in the near future, increasing mid-future, and dropping sharply in the far future (30-40% reduction under SSP585), while off-season yields exhibited significant near-term trends alongside higher IWR due to hotter, drier conditions. Seasonal rainfall shifts disrupted current planting calendars, necessitating adaptation strategies. Shifting the main season to October improved irrigation water use efficiency (IUE) by 31-33%, while delaying the off-season to June enhanced IWE by 40-46. By integrating modern technologies (NDVI, machine learning) to overcome traditional challenges, this study bridges climate projections with on-farm decisions, offering actionable strategies and laying the groundwork for future agricultural and climatology advancements in Brunei. 30 cm..

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Developing a novel conceptual framework of game mechanics and game addiction for prevetion and intervention strategies /

By Nurwathiqah@Fatin binti Ali. Bandar Seri Begawan : Universiti Teknologi Brunei, 2025 . xix, 375 pages : , Summited in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy | ABSTRACT Video gaming has been associated with negative effects such as compulsive behavior, depression, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, oppositional behavior, suicidality, and irregular sleep patterns. While some studies present conflicting findings on the link between gaming and health issues, these problems can contribute to video game addiction. Despite considerable research on game addiction, there is a notable gap in technology-based treatments specifically designed for this condition, as well as a lack of controlled experiments on the impact of different game mechanics on addiction. This study addresses these gaps by exploring the relationship between game mechanics and game addiction. The research aims to find a way to reduce the effect of game addiction on gamers by identifying what mechanics are responsible for the addictive behavior gamers experience when playing video games. Additionally, testing technological factors to see if there is any significant improvement in lowering the effect of game addiction. This research integrates persuasive strategies into game mechanics to mitigate game addiction. The objectives are to construct a conceptual framework to explore the relationship between game mechanics and game addiction and to validate the proposed conceptual framework using a hierarchical quantitative model. The study employed a mixed-method approach involving 487 respondents, and data were analyzed using chi-squared tests, factor analysis, multiple linear regression, and PLS-SEM. The conceptual framework was tested through a hierarchical quantitative model comprising multiple levels of analysis. Across these levels, the model demonstrated strong construct validity and acceptable fit, with SRMR values ranging from (0.026 to 0.045), and CFI between (0.925 and 0.979), confirming significant relationships among key variables. Key findings suggest that feedback mechanics and comparison strategy should be inversely related and significantly influence achievers, daredevils, and socializers. Avoiding comparison in feedback mechanics and using cooperation in core mechanics can reduce addiction risk. Suggestion should be avoided in core mechanics to prevent addiction in survivors. Aesthetic mechanics should use cooperation and personalization but avoid suggestion, as they strongly influence achievers and masterminds, who are less prone to addiction. These insights contribute to theoretical and methodological advancement in game addiction and game studies, introducing a new conceptual framework, validated measurement instruments, hierarchical quantitative model, and original experimentation. Future research could enhance this study by conducting a longitudinal evaluation of the conceptual framework, developing a prototype game to serve as an intervention tool, and exploring the model's applicability across various mental health conditions. Additionally, the target users that could benefit from this research ranges from families (parents, individuals, healthcare professionals (therapists, counselors, rehabilitation programs), to educational institutions, game designers, and game developers. 30 cm..

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Compositional kriging for geological heterogeneity : enhanced spatial orediction framework /

By Kim, Ahram. Bandar Seri Begawan : Universiti Teknologi Brunei, 2025 . xviii, 260 pages : , Submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor in Philosophy. | ABSRACT This thesis presents an advanced spatial prediction framework based on compositional kriging for the analvsis of datasets that exhibit both compositional constraints and spatial heterogeneity. By integrating isometric log-ratio (il) transformations, the method preserves the geometry of the simplex space, ensuring statistically coherent spatial modelling of compositional data. The study applies this framework across four diverse case studies to demonstrate its adaptability and accuracy: demographic compositions in Texas, sediment facies on Long Island, coal seam thickness in Queensland, and grain size distributions from outcrops in Brunei. In the Long Island case, compositional kriging was compared with ordinary kriging and showed improved spatial interpolation accuracy, as validated by metrics such as Root Mean Square Error and Mean Squared Error. For the other datasets, compositional kriging produced accurate and reliable spatial predictions, with interpolated distribution shapes closelv matching the original data and effectivelv capturing spatial variability. The interpolated distribution shapes closely matched the original data in each case, underscoring the method's reliability. It makes a significant contribution to spatial statistics by integrating compositional data analysis with geostatistical modelling. The proposed approach provides a robust, accurate, and flexible tool for geoscientific prediction tasks, particularly where data are multimodal and spatially dependent. The results highlight compositional kriging's potential as a preferred method for future studies involving complex spatial datasets. 30 cm..

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