TY  - BOOK
AU  - Fatin Nabilah Binti Haji Awang Milen
AU  - Namasivayam Navaranjan,Dr
TI  - The Study of Sand Probe and Erosion Cause by Sand in Oil and Gas Pipeline / 
PY  - 2017///
CY  - Bandar Seri Begawan
PB  -  Institut Teknologi Brunei , 
KW  - Thesis writing
KW  - Pipelines
KW  - Erosion
N1  - A thesis is submitted in partial fulfillment of requirements for the degree of Master of Science in the Mechanical Engineering Programme Area of UNiversiti Teknologi Brunei; Thesis is also available in CD and is not for loan or reference use; Abstract

Sand production is the migration of the formation of sand caused by the flow of reservoir fluids. It is undesirable as it can restrict productivity and causes erosion in the pipes. There are numerous ways in detecting the activity or erosion in a pipe and it has been developed over time such as thin layer activation method, field signature monitoring method, electrical resistance probe, and acoustic probe. The aim of this research is to study the different types of sand monitor and specifically intrusive sand probes along with the effect of varying parameters on the erosion rate. These parameters include the sand particle sizes, the amount of sand particle, and the mixture flow velocity. In this study, fabrication of the design model could not be realized due to certain issues. Hence, several designs for the piping system are brought forth to be proposed as the methodology in achieving the objectives set for this project. Several issues of possible results and problems from the proposed design is discussed in the latter chapter. The use of CFD is recommended for more accurate behavior analyzing of the sand trajectory and sand particles; Includes bibliographical references
ER  -